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What is DNA?

Paul Andersen describes the molecular structure of DNA. He describes the major parts of a nucleotide and explains how they are assembled into a nucleic acid. The nitrogenous base, deoxyribose sugar and phosphate group make up a single nucleotide. The 5' and 3' end of DNA is described. The importance of hydrogen bonds in the 3-dimensional shape is also included.
Категория: Education
Время: 00:07:53.250
Теги: DNA RNA nucleotide nitrogenouse base deoxyribose sugar phosphate group deoxyribonucleic acid ap biology biology genes
 

DNA Replication, Recombination, Repair I

This course is part of a series taught by Kevin Ahern at Oregon State University on General Biochemistry. For more information about online courses go to ecampus.oregonstate.edu for the rest of the courses see www.youtube.com 1. DNA consists of a double helix. Each strand of the helix is a polymer of nucleotides joined together in phosphodiester linkages that have alternating sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate links. On the inside of the double helix are the complementary base pairs held together by hydrogen bonds. The arrangement of the double helix is in an 'anti-parallel' fashion, meaning that one strand oriented in the 5' to 3' direction is directly paired to a complementary strand oriented in the 3' to 5' direction. Phosphodiester bonds involve linkage between the 5' phosphate group of the incoming nucleotide and the 3' hydroxyl of the previous nucleotide in the chain. 2. DNA contains four bases - A,T,C, and G arranged with A paired with T and G paired with C on the internal portion of the double helix. Hydrogen bonds stabilize these base pairs - two for the AT pair and three for the GC pair. Thus, GC pairs are harder to break than AT pairs. 3. DNA has a major and a minor groove arising from asymmetric glycosidic linkages between the deoxyribose sugar and each base in the double helix. 4. DNA has three major forms - A,B, and Z. The A and B forms are right-handed helices, whereas the Z form is a left-handed helix. The B form of DNA is the most prevalent one and contains ...
Категория: Education
Время: 00:37:58.500
Теги: oregon state university osu ecampus online lecture general biochemistry chemistry science biology online lecture course class
 

DNA Structure

"Two DNA strands intertwine to form a double helix. Each strand has a backbone composed of phosphates and sugars to which the bases are attached. The bases form the core of the double helix, while the sugar/phosphate backbones are on the outside. The two grooves between the backbones are called the major and minor groove based on their sizes. Most proteinDNA contacts are made in the major grove, because the minor groove is too narrow. The DNA backbone is assembled from repeating deoxyribose sugar units that are linked through phosphate groups. Each phosphate carries a negative charge, making the entire DNA backbone highly charged and polar. A cyclic base is attached to each sugar. The bases are planar and extend out perpendicular to the path of the backbone. Pyrimidine bases are composed of one ring and purine bases of two rings. Adjacent bases are aligned so that their planar rings stack on top of one another. Base stacking contributes significantly to the stability of the double helix. In a double helix, each base on one strand is paired to a base on the other strand that lies in the same plane. In these base pairing interactions, guanine always pairs with cytosine, and thymine with adenine. A GC pair is stabilized by three hydrogen bonds formed between amino and carbonyl groups that project from the bases. In contrast, an AT pair is stabilized by two hydrogen bonds. The specificity of base pairing—that is, C always pairing with G, and A always pairing with T—ensures ...
Категория: Science & Technology
Время: 00:02:20.250
Теги: DNA deoxyribonucleic acid sugar phospahte backbone base adenine thymine guanine cytosine major minor groove negative charge polar pyrimidine purine stacking double helix hydrogen bond h-bond phosphodiester complementary strand replication transcription cell biology biochemistry science
 

DNA Rap

I had to make a rap for Biology. So I decided to go out of my way and make a video. The second part is just for fun. Hope you enjoy. Deoxyribose nucleic acid thats whats it Nucleotides are made to fit DNA is what we have to do DNA makes up me and you Double helix twisted up and down Nucleotides keep us whole and round Prymidines and purines go great together While the backbone keeps the DNA in place forever Thymine with the Adenine Cytosine with the Guanine These are the Nitrogen bases Without DNA you cant make faces Deoxyribose sugar is in DNA And Ribose sugar is in RNA These two things are nucleic acids All DNA in your body put together is massive Single ring structures are pyrimidines Larger double ring structures are purines One of 3 components of the nucleotides Is a phosphate group, thats no lie (Chorus) Because this is DNA, DNA, DNA This is the DNA rap. This is DNA, DNA, DNA This is the DNA rap. DNA replication lets us make little copies Without this part we cant make little Tommies Complimentary base pairs are easy A to T and G to C Then theres the template strand They are surely not bland DNA polymerase enzymes Make covalent bonds between new nucleotides If you want to unwind the DNA Use a helicase enzyme its the only way Replication Fork in the nucleus forms During DNA replication copies are made for sure Nitrogenous base pairs held together by Hydrogen bonds thats no lie (repeat chorus)
Категория: Education
Время: 00:05:34.500
Теги: Science Biology DNA RAP Science rap Dna redhead Ginger
 

DNA Rap: Got Urself DNA

This is a project I had to do for Biology 12. We had to come up with a rap explaining DNA and how DNA Replication works. Lyrics: My name is JYO and I'm talking about DNA You better listen up cause I'm not getting paid This is straight from the brain lyrically homemade And I rap from the heart cause I wanna good grade Chorus: Trying to Duplicate, I hope you got urself DNA Wanna Translate, I hope you got urself DNA Trying to Create, I hope you got urself DNA Now lets talk about this DNA I'll name some parts for you if that's okay So listen up and hear what I say And if you miss something hit that button replay Deoxyribose nucleic acid is the name Made up of nucleotides the textbook claims With Deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group And nitrogen base up in a double helix loop Purines are Adenine and Guanine Pyrimidines are Thymine and Cytosine Purines have a single simple sugar formation Pyrimidines have a double ring sugar formation They are supported by a sugar-phosphate backbone Which is like the Nitrogen Bases Throne Mind you this is all homegrown, well known, well shown, your own, up in a temperate zone Chorus Now lets go on to this DNA replication This process is enforced by our living population It is started off by our DNA Helicase Which is the enzyme we use in the first phase Hydrogen bonds break and the DNA separates Into two template strands which we use to procreate Then the complimentary base pairing activates And the nucleotides come in and pair at a fast rate ...
Категория: Education
Время: 00:02:23.250
Теги: Rapping DNA Hiphop music Biology Grade12 Fun Education Amateur Project Homework Homemade JYO Educational Got Urself Gun Nas Flow Rap Joshua Yoneda Comita 2011 baja30
 

DNA Animation

Purple= Deoxyribose Sugar White= Phosphate Red= Thymine Blue= Cytosine Yellow= Guanine Green= Adenine
Категория: Science & Technology
Время: 00:00:51.750
Теги: DNA animation phosphate deoxyribose nucleic acid thymine cytosine guanine adenine science biology
 

DNA: The Cell's Life Pattern

DNA: The Cell's Life Pattern Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, acts as a code for the cell's life pattern. Its structure is customarily illustrated in two forms-actual molecular structure and a diagrammatic representation. Within each molecule, two interwoven, twisted strands, shown here in gray, are held together by cross-linkages, shown in red, to form a spiral ladder-the double helix. The diagram shows first that each strand is composed of alternating deoxyribose sugar, shown in orange, and phosphate molecules, represented in purple. Attached to each sugar are molecules called bases, of which there are only four types found in DNA (here designated as red, blue, green or yellow). The pairing of specific bases (red with yellow, blue with green) forms the "rungs" of the ladder. The DNA code consists of a sequence of triplets of bases on one strand. Each triplet codes for an amino acid, and during protein synthesis amino acids are joined together. Any change in the sequence of triplets changes the protein that is produced. As all chemical reactions within cells are controlled by the action of a group of proteins-the enzymes-the DNA code regulates cell activity.
Категория: Howto & Style
Время: 00:01:03
Теги: DNA: The Cell's Life Pattern
 

Bite-Sized Biochemistry #41 - DNA Replication, Repair, Recombination I

Lecture by Kevin Ahern of Oregon State University discussing Biochemistry Basics in BB 451. See the full course at oregonstate.edu This course can be taken for credit (wherever you live) via OSU's ecampus. For details, see ecampus.oregonstate.edu Download Metabolic Melodies at www.davincipress.com Related courses include BB 350 - oregonstate.edu BB 450 - oregonstate.edu BB 100 - oregonstate.edu 1.Salvage of purine nucleotides is important metabolically - perhaps more so than salvage of pyrimidines. The enzyme HGPRT is involved in the direct salvage of guanine nucleotides and indirectly involved in salvage of adenine nucleotides through IMP and hypoxanthine. Highlights DNA Replication 1. DNA consists of a double helix. Each strand of the helix is a polymer of nucleotides joined together in phosphodiester linkages that have alternating sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate links. On the inside of the double helix are the complementary base pairs held together by hydrogen bonds. The arrangement of the double helix is in an 'anti-parallel' fashion, meaning that one strand oriented in the 5' to 3' direction is directly paired to a complementary strand oriented in the 3' to 5' direction. Phosphodiester bonds involve linkage between the 5' phosphate group of the incoming nucleotide and the 3' hydroxyl of the previous nucleotide in the chain. 2. DNA contains four bases - A,T,C, and G arranged with A paired with T and G paired with C on the internal portion of the double helix. Hydrogen ...
Категория: Education
Время: 00:36:42
Теги: DNA replication recombination repair double helix anti-parallel strands 5' to 3' AT GC RNA linking number twists writhes superhelical density topology Lesson Teachers Free University Tutorial Learn Tube Learning Tutorials Resource science topoisomerase 10.5 gyrase Kevin Ahern biochemistry molecular biology basics fundamentals simple easy clear educational health healthy medicine medical elementary basic introduction life living chemistry molecule metabolic metabolism
 

3.3.5 Draw a simple diagram of DNA structure

3.3.5 Draw and label a simple diagram of the molecular structure of DNA. Here I demonstrate drawing the structure of DNA. You don't need to be an artist, its relative positions of the phosphate groups, deoxyribose sugar (together known as the sugar-phosphate backbone), nitrogenous bases and bonding between nucleotides that matters. You should label all the parts of the DNA including the covalent and hydrogen bonds. If you have trouble drawing the two strands antiparallel, then draw one strand and then turn your paper upside down to add the other strand!
Категория: Education
Время: 00:00:51
Теги: DNA structure educational IB Biology help review assessment statements
 

Genetics & The structure of DNA -- PART 1

Enjoy -- this clip is from BBC AS Guru -- now no longer in existence. Genetics & DNA Oh do write a comment,please and vote :) ************DISCLAIMER***************** This movie is uploaded (like all others -- unless specified) for the sole purpose of education and not for profits. It is designed to help mostly A-level students in their biological science studies. No copyright infringement intended. *****************************
Категория: Science & Technology
Время: 00:04:54
Теги: Deoxyribose Pentose sugar DNA RNA protein synthesis Nucleic Acid Biological molecule cell Nucleotides acids Purine
 
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