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Ap Bio Ch 4- Phosphate Group - ATP in cells.mp4

Ap Bio Ch 4- Phosphate Group - ATP in cells.mp4
Категория: Howto & Style
Время: 00:01:03.750
Теги: phosphate group AP Bio biology chemistry college university high school functional groups carbon acetone organic phosphates atp computer education study learning
 

The ATP Cycle

Energy in cells are accounted for through metabolic processes, which store and produce the energy. One of these metabolic processes is known as the ATP cyle. The ATP cycle is how ATP and ADP are produced in cells. ATP, also known as Adenosine Triphosphate, contains one adenosine molecule and three phosphate groups. ADP or Adenosine Diphosphate also contains one adenosine molecule, but contains two phosphate groups. Dephosphorylation is the process that makes ADP. It removes one of the phosphate groups from ATP, therefore ADP only has two phosphate groups. Dephosphorylation gives off energy, which is why it is known as an exergonic reaction. The energy given off by dephosphorylation is used for many functions in the cell, like many enzymatic reactions. There are also functions in the cell that require energy. ATP is made by a process called phosphorylation, which is what adds a phosphate group to make ATP. Phosphorylation is an endergonic reaction, which requires energy. The energy used to phosphorylate ATP may come out of the oxidation of carbohydrates. Active transport is another example of an energy-consuming process in the cell. The energy stored in ATP provides the universal energy for cells to function.
Категория: Entertainment
Время: 00:01:00
Теги: ATP cycle cell energy
 

What is DNA?

Paul Andersen describes the molecular structure of DNA. He describes the major parts of a nucleotide and explains how they are assembled into a nucleic acid. The nitrogenous base, deoxyribose sugar and phosphate group make up a single nucleotide. The 5' and 3' end of DNA is described. The importance of hydrogen bonds in the 3-dimensional shape is also included.
Категория: Education
Время: 00:07:53.250
Теги: DNA RNA nucleotide nitrogenouse base deoxyribose sugar phosphate group deoxyribonucleic acid ap biology biology genes
 

The Glycolysis Song

LYRICS: Chorus: Imma tell you a story, about gycolysis It takes place in the cytoplasm, that surrounds the nucleus. It doesn't need any oxygen; its anaerobic The end result of the cycle, makes ATP and pyruvate 1st Verse I'm an anaerobic pathway, used to get energy I require no oxygen, and take place in the cytoplasm, I need an endergonic reaction, to begin phosphorylization... PFK! I make two phosphate sugars, but we use two ATP CHOURS 1x 2nd verse Next we begin, the energy harvesting steps First the 6-carbon molecule gets split in two halves Each part gets oxidized, then phosphorylized Creating 2NADH, and adding a phosphate group CHOURS 1x 3rd Verse Right after the production, of NADH Is the removal, of 2 phosphate groups 2 ADT form a gain of 2 ATP Which results in oxidation, or H2O loss 4th Verse The removal of a phosphate, makes way for 2 ATP's When it comes to the end, pyruvate will prevail We'll end up with 2 pyruvates, 2 ATP's with H20 But if there is any sign of oxygen, then pyruvate will break down a little more. CHOURS 1x
Категория: Education
Время: 00:03:10.500
Теги: Glycolysis
 

be like that glucose

my bio extra credit... Glycoliysis is the process in which one glucose is turned into two three carbon molecules of pyruvic acid Cause it takes place in the cytosol Like other biochemical pathways glycolysis consists of a series of chemical reactions If I was glucose I would change to pyruvic acid If I was glucose what would I do, What would I do Now two phosphate groups are attached to glucose forming a new six carbon compound The phosphate group are supplied to molecules of ATP, of ATP which are converted into twomolecules of ADP Yeah! II was glucose I would give anything Just to become that pyruvic acid If I was glucose, what would I do, What would I do the six carbon compound is turned into three carbon mmolecule PGAL The two PGALs Are oxidized They receive A phosphate group Reduction of NADH NAD the phosphate groups removed The reaction produces two pyruvic acids II was glucose I would give anything Just to become that pyruvic acid And then I star again
Категория: Music
Время: 00:03:27
Теги: MVI 0002
 

Polarization

Creation hid all its secrets in your hair... HIDDEN IN PLAIN VIEW DNA (4-5-1) Carries Heredity Every living system has a blueprint for replication, or making copies of itself. This blueprint is commonly called heredity. The key structure of the hereditary process is the long, spiral DNA molecule. DNA consists of two complementary strands coiled around each other to form a twisting ladder called a double helix (see Genetics). The strands are made up of varying sequences of chemical groups which are called nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a sugar and a phosphate group plus either of two purine bases--adenine (A) and guanine (G)--or either of two pyrimidine bases--thymine (T) and cytosine (C). Of all the molecules that DNA could direct to be built, one might wonder why the information encoded in DNA is limited solely to the manufacture of protein. The reason is that so long as DNA can direct the making of protein enzymes, no other direction is necessary because enzymes aid in the building of all other cell molecules. ATP (PAT) -- The 2.3 Power Molecule All living systems need energy in a usable form to drive the vital activities of cells. Nature has selected ATP as the cellular storehouse of chemical energy. ATP is a nucleotide made up of adenine (one of the amino acids in DNA and RNA), ribose (the sugar in RNA), and three interlinked phosphate groups (see Phosphorus). The two so-called high-energy bonds that link the phosphate groups together are the key power sources ...
Категория: Nonprofits & Activism
Время: 00:07:42
Теги: Glem Kealey Nwo Media Misleading Evolution Creation Polarize Polaris.North Star Procession Conspiracy
 

Triple Helix

Although the chemistry was wrong, Linus Pauling's triple-stranded DNA model was a catalyst for James Watson and Francis Crick to solve the structure of DNA. Originally created for DNA Interactive ( www.dnai.org ) TRANSCRIPT This is Linus Pauling's failed attempt to predict the structure of DNA. The problem with his triple helix model is that the phosphates form the helical core, with the bases pointing outwards. This would be impossible under normal cellular conditions. Each phosphate group is negatively charged, and so many negative charges forced together would repel each other, literally driving the structure apart.
Категория: Education
Время: 00:00:21
Теги: linus pauling dna helix triple helix phosphate group dna structure structure of dna pieces of the puzzle negative charges model 3d location code phosphates narration animation
 

Cellular Respiration Song (Last Friday Night)

The process of cellular respiration based on "Last Friday Night" by Katy Perry. :) LYRICS: Cell Repiration: combines glucose and oxygen, gives off CO2 and H2O, free energy is trapped as ATP It all occurs in 4 stages, Glycolysis in the cytoplasm, Pyruvate oxidation in the mitochondrion, where Krebb's cycle also takes place, then there's electron transport chain (that's the 4th) *Now let's go in depth, we're not done here yet, this rules (huh, YA RIGHT!)* STAGE #1: It starts off with a 6 Carbon glucose ATP is used to form G6P that's rearranged to F6P, ATP is used again, to make an F1,6-BP, it splits into DHAP and G3P, DHAP is not so happy; it converts to G3P now there's 2 G3Ps, as they become 2 BPGs NAD+ is reduced to NADH Thanks to the phosphate group, BPG can phosphorylate ADP to ATP now we've got two 3 PGs that'll rearrange to two 2 PGs that'll convert to two PEP molecules (because water is removed) Here's another phosphate group, it allows PEP to phosphorylate ADP to ATP, two pyruvates are made That's the end of glycolysis - a net of 2 ATP produced, and 2 NADH as well Now the pyruvates have got to oxidize through three simple steps in STAGE 2: firstly CO2s removed, the remaining two carbons from pyruvate are oxidized NAD+ is reduced to NADH, coenzyme A attaches to acetate forming acetyl-coA It carries on to STAGE 3: and condenses with oxaloacetate forming a 6-Carbon citrate that's rearranged to isocitrate it converrts to alpha-ketogluterate as CO2 is lost, NADH is ...
Категория: Education
Время: 00:02:51
Теги: cell cellular respiration song biology ATP glycolysis pyruvate oxidation Krebs cycle ETC electron transport chain proton pump H+ NADH FADH2 H20 molecules glucose CO2 O2 grade 11 12 katy perry last friday night SBI4U yt:stretch=16:9
 

ATP Cycle

Hey class! Today our teachers are describing how ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is dephosphorylated into ADP (adenosine diphosphate), and how ADP phosphorylates to make ATP: The ATP Cyle. When you remove a phosphate group from ATP, it is called dephosphorylation. Dephosphorylation is an exergonic reaction, meaning it is a reaction that releases energy. When ATP goes through this process, ADP is made. Differently, during phosphorylation to make ADP into ATP, a phosphate group is added on. This is an endergonic reaction, meaning this process requires energy. By Aaron Coleman, Anna Jacoby and Abigail Gavens
Категория: Science & Technology
Время: 00:01:11.250
Теги: ATP ADP Cycle 0001
 

PhotophosphoryWHAT?

For this video project, we decided to explore the process of photophosphorylation Photophosphorylation is the process by which ATP is created during the light-dependent phase of photosynthesis in plants. Photophosphorylation begins when a photon of light corresponding to a red-orange or green-blue frequency hits the chlorophyll in the chloroplast of a plant. That energy from the photon excites an electron in the chlorophyll, causing it to leave the chlorophyll. The chlorophyll, having become oxidized, requires a new electron. The accessory protein in the thylakoid membrane pulls an electron from one of the many water molecules in the stroma, and passes it back to the chlorophyll. The water molecule, having lost an electron, breaks down into two hydrogen ions and one oxygen molecule. The freed oxygen molecules bond together, forming O2, and leave the plant entirely. The electron that was originally released from the chlorophyll gets passed to the cytochrome. This excites the cytochrome, causing it to pump the newly freed hydrogen ions from the stroma, through the thylakoid membrane and into the thylakoid space. The large concentration of hydrogen ion forms a chemiosmotic gradient. The hydrogen ions, compelled by the laws of diffusion, must leave the thylakoid space so they move through the ATP synthase enzyme. The momentum produced from the mass exodus of hydrogen ion spins the ATP synthase. The ATP synthase is attached to an ADP molecule, and one phosphate group. The ...
Категория: Science & Technology
Время: 00:01:46.500
Теги: biology photosynthesis
 
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