| The Crusade against Novgorod failed because the papal legate, William of Modena, could not master enough men for the task. Like all those involved, he did not appreciate the degree to which Russian states would co-operate in a crisis and he clearly underestimated the military potential of Russia as a whole. The Crusaders defeat in the battle of Lake Peipus was also a result of supreme overconfidence, along with the fact that Alexandre Nevskii's army included a sufficiently large number of horse-archers to disrupt the Crusader attack. The presence of these archers was also not expected by the Crusaders. The identity of these archers who played such a decisive role in the battle of Lake Peipus remains uncertain. They were, however, almost certainly horse-archers on the right flank of Alexandre's army. As such they are likely to have been allied Qypchaq Turks or newly arrived representatives of Russia's Mongol conquerors. Their victims were the unsuspecting "King's Men", vassals of the Danish crown, on the left wing of the Crusader army. Последствия для крестоносцев, Поход крестоносцев против Новгорода пошёл на смарку из-за того что папский наставник-Виллиам Модерна не смог собрать достаточного количества людей для выполнения поставленной задачи. Как и всё выше сказанное, он не смог предугать степень русской организованности во время кризиса и в целом недооценил военый потенциал русских. Разгром Крестоносцев на Чудском Озере было также результатом очевидного превосходства на ... |
